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When one class inherits from another, the derived class inherits the variables and functions of the base class. 

These variables and functions become part of the derived class.

for example :

 

class Person // base class 
{
public:
    std::string m_strName;
    int m_nAge;
    bool m_bIsMale;
 
    std::string GetName() { return m_strName; }
    int GetAge() { return m_nAge; }
    bool IsMale() { return m_bIsMale; }
 
    Person(std::string strName = "", int nAge = 0, bool bIsMale = false)
        : m_strName(strName), m_nAge(nAge), m_bIsMale(bIsMale)
    {
    }
};

class BaseballPlayer : public Person // BaseballPlayer publicly inheriting Person
{
public:
    double m_dBattingAverage;
    int m_nHomeRuns;
 
    BaseballPlayer(double dBattingAverage = 0.0, int nHomeRuns = 0)
       : m_dBattingAverage(dBattingAverage), m_nHomeRuns(nHomeRuns)
    {
    }
};

int main()
{
   
    BaseballPlayer cJoe;
    cJoe.m_strName = "Joe";
    std::cout << cJoe.GetName() << std::endl;
 
    return 0;
}


In the base class , only area of public  and area of protected can be inheritance , 

the area of private can not be inheritance.

The public area in the base class is also the public area in the derived class , 

but the protected area will become private area in the derived class.


ref : http://www.learncpp.com/cpp-tutorial/112-basic-inheritance-in-c/

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